Plums

Overview

Thanks to modern root stocks and fan training techniques it is possible to grow a plum or gage tree that is a suitable size for an allotment plot. Pixy, or the even more dwarfing VVA1 are the best choices for allotment plum trees. A more vigorous root stock would be required for a fan-trained plum.

Although there are many cultivars to choose from, in the limited space of an allotment a dual-purpose cooking/dessert, self fertile cultivar such as Blue Tit would give you maximum use from the crop and the space.

How to grow

Planting - containerised trees can be planted in all but the worst conditions, bare root trees are available between November and March and can be planted if the ground is not frozen or sodden.

• Soil and aspect. A free draining and reasonably fertile soil is best, no fruit tree likes to be waterlogged at the roots. A south or west facing aspect is required for most dessert fruits.
• Open and airy site. The planting site should be free from the competition of overhanging trees/buildings and there must be the free movement of air to prevent diseases such as canker establishing itself. Under damp conditions the branch work must be able to dry quickly.
• Avoid frost pockets and positions that are exposed to high winds. These will cause damage to developing fruits and flowers at critical times in their development.

Dig a wide hole no deeper than the roots, breaking up the sides and base with a fork. Place the tree in the centre and the stake to the side if one is required. Refill with soil, firming as you go to remove air pockets then water and mulch; ensure that the area is kept free of weeds.

Plums are heavy croppers and will need feeding and watering at appropriate times; a mulch of farmyard manure in spring will help to preserve moisture and deliver nitrogen. Plums can be pruned as a bush or trained as a fan or pyramid; you may also need to thin out the developing fruit to reduce weight in the canopy.

How to Harvest

Wait till the fruit is soft and ripe before harvesting and take care as they bruise easily. Plums can be eaten fresh, used in pies, liqueurs and preserves or frozen.

Issues

There are a variety of pests and diseases such as aphids, winter moth and frost damage that can affect your plum/gage tree, you can limit their effects by practicing good hygiene, pruning appropriately, using physical barriers such as fleece to protect the blossom from frost and encouraging natural predators such as ladybirds and lacewings.